園藝治療活動對糖尿病友心理效益之研究
by
Yen-Yu Lu and Yu-Jen Kuo
摘要
根據估計全世界有2.85億的人口患有糖尿病，且預估到2030年將會增加到4.3億，而慢性疾病患者常伴隨著憂鬱情結。根據糖尿病與心理健康關係的調查研究顯示，第二型糖尿病患者普遍存在情緒困擾嚴重影響了糖尿病患者的治療依從性和疾病預後。許多研究發現透過園藝治療活動可以誘發正向情緒進而改善憂鬱情緒。本研究的最大目的是藉由園藝治療活動促進參與者心理健康進而做好自我照顧。本研究針對九位第二型糖尿病病患，以「糖尿病園藝治療團體方案」安排每次90分鐘共六週的園藝治療活動。在六週園藝治療活動前後，成員在「台灣人憂鬱量表」平均總分由24.44降至5.56的極顯著差異。六週活動顯示成員不論在情緒管理、肢體、記憶力、自信心、培養興趣、以及對生命的尊重等都獲得效益。由「園藝治療福址效益前後測問卷」及深入訪談相互印證顯示，成員在情感成長方面，心情愉快、心靈寄託、及成就感之正向情緒皆具顯著效益;在認知學習方面，園藝知能與嗜好培養的激發也具有顯著的進步，而社交關係方面，拓展並改善與家人社會的溝通表達及互動關係上均獲得改善，且極顯著願意做好自我照顧。因此本研究發現，藉由園藝治療活動可以引發第二型糖尿病病患提升情感成長、認知學習、及社交關係的正向循環並產生交互引動的連鎖效應，而達到促進對生命意義與生心理健康的福祉效益。本研究結果提供日後慢性病患心理照護上多一個選擇的模式。
關鍵詞: 第二型糖尿病、園藝治療、憂鬱情緒、台灣人憂鬱量表、福祉效益
Abstract
There
are estimated 285 millions of people who suffered by diabetes in the world. The
number will increase to 430 million in 2030. Diabetes is a chronic illness
always accompany with depression. According to
many research results, type 2 diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor
for the development of depression. Many researches revealed that horticultural
therapy enhanced human’s psychophysical health.
Thus, the main objective of this study attempted to give group-base
horticultural therapy activities to improve the psychological health of clients
and furthermore take care of their life. The study was based on “Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire; TDQ”, “The efficacy of horticultural
therapy evaluation form”, and qualitative research that were completed before and after 6 weeks of conducting horticultural activities.
The results shown that there was significant reduced from 24.4 to 5.56 of
clients according to TDQ test. The emotional management, physical, memory, self-confidence,
interesting, and self-esteem of clients were significantly improved. Our
research were also found that the clients were significantly benefits in
interested in other things beside works, feeling relaxed, feeling good about
themselves, emotional control, and
horticultural skills. However, although no significant different in their
social relation to their families but improved. Our studies suggest a health care model to people who suffered from
chronic illness, especially in their psychological well-being through
horticultural therapy activities.
Key Words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, horticultural
therapy、depression、TDQ、well-being
這是本研究中心最新研究，嚐試發表於中華心理衛生學刊(TSSCI)，研究者盧嬿羽為台北護理健康大學生死教育與輔導研究所碩士畢業生。
華盛頓州麥田景觀
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